What are the Purification Efficiency and Stability of the Ozone Decomposition Catalyst?

Ozone has strong oxidizing properties; long-term exposure can irritate the respiratory tract and damage skin and mucous membranes. Ozone exhaust gas is generated in industrial production, medical disinfection, ultraviolet sterilization, and other scenarios, requiring efficient removal. Ozone decomposition catalysts can decompose O₃ into harmless O₂ at room temperature. Their performance directly determines the treatment effect, with purification efficiency and stability being the core evaluation indicators.

I. Key Factors Affecting the Performance of Ozone Decomposition Catalysts:

 Active Component Selection: Catalyst active components are mainly divided into two categories: precious metals and non-precious metals. Precious metals have high catalytic efficiency but are expensive and susceptible to sulfide poisoning; non-precious metals are cheaper, and their activity can be improved through composite formulations, but single non-precious metal catalysts have weaker anti-interference capabilities.

Furthermore, the addition of co-catalysts can enhance the dispersibility of active components and improve catalytic efficiency.

Support Structure Design: The support needs to have a high specific surface area and good permeability. Commonly used materials include honeycomb alumina, activated carbon, and molecular sieves.

If the support pores are blocked or the specific surface area is insufficient, the contact area between the catalyst and ozone will be reduced, leading to a decrease in purification efficiency; insufficient mechanical strength of the support may also cause damage under airflow impact, affecting stability.

Interference from Operating Conditions:

Humidity: High humidity causes water vapor to adsorb onto the catalyst surface, covering active sites, especially for non-precious metal catalysts which are more sensitive to humidity.

Impurities: Sulfides, nitrogen oxides, and oil mist particles in the exhaust gas can react with active components or clog pores, leading to catalyst poisoning and deactivation.

Temperature: Room temperature is the optimal range for ozone decomposition. Too low a temperature will reduce the reaction rate, while too high a temperature may cause active components to agglomerate.

II. Core Measures for Optimizing Catalyst Performance: Optimization of Active Components and Support:

Utilizing a "precious metal-non-precious metal composite system" to balance high catalytic efficiency and low cost;
Hydrophobic modification of the support surface (e.g., coating with a SiO₂ film) to reduce water vapor adsorption;
Selecting a honeycomb support to improve permeability and mechanical strength, extending service life.

Anti-interference Design: Adding anti-sulfur components (e.g., TiO₂) to inhibit the combination of sulfides and active components;
Adding a pretreatment device (e.g., filter cotton, activated carbon adsorption layer) at the catalyst front end to intercept impurities such as oil mist and particulate matter, preventing catalyst poisoning.

Operating Condition Control: Maintain the relative humidity of the exhaust gas below 80%. If the humidity exceeds the standard, a dehumidification device can be added. Ensure the exhaust gas temperature is within the range of 10℃ to 80℃ to avoid extreme temperatures affecting the catalytic effect.

III. Practical Application Case: 

A printing company uses a UV curing process to generate ozone (concentration 1000ppb~1500ppb), equipped with an ozone decomposition catalyst (honeycomb structure, Pt-MnO₂ composite active component), treating an air volume of 10000m³/h. Testing showed that the outlet ozone concentration remained stable below 50ppb, with a purification efficiency exceeding 96%. After 8000 hours of continuous operation, the activity retention rate still reached 89%, with no poisoning or efficiency degradation observed.

Medical Disinfection Exhaust Gas Purification: A hospital operating room generates high-humidity ozone exhaust gas after disinfection. A hydrophobically modified ozone decomposition catalyst was selected, paired with a pre-dehumidification device. Operational results show that the purification efficiency remains stable at 95%, and even under high humidity conditions, the efficiency remains above 90% after 12 months of continuous use, meeting the stringent requirements of medical scenarios. Through scientific component design, structural optimization, and operational condition control, the ozone decomposition catalyst can achieve efficient and long-lasting ozone removal at room temperature.

Author: Hazel
Date: 2025-12-25